How to Fish for Wels Catfish: Effective Techniques, Recommended Equipment, and Useful Tips

Complete Guide to Wels Catfish Fishing: Recommended Methods and Gear

Fishing for Wels catfish is one of the most thrilling challenges for any sport fishing enthusiast. Known for its strength, impressive size, and fierce resistance, the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) is the undisputed king of Europe’s freshwater. Catching it is no easy task—it requires technical preparation, specialized equipment, and a solid understanding of its habits. In this comprehensive guide, you’ll discover the best fishing techniques, the most suitable gear, and practical tips to take on this river giant effectively and safely.

Introduction to the Wels Catfish

The European Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) is the largest freshwater predator on the continent and one of the most imposing fish found in our rivers and lakes. It can reach astonishing sizes, with specimens frequently exceeding 2 meters in length and, in some cases, weighing over 100 kilograms. It grows relatively quickly, especially in environments rich in food and with favorable temperatures, and it can live for over 30 years.

Originally native to Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the Wels catfish has been introduced to many other parts of Europe—including Italy—where it has rapidly adapted, becoming a stable and sometimes dominant presence in various river ecosystems. Its spread has also sparked ecological debates, as in some cases it has disrupted natural balances by preying on native species.

The Wels catfish prefers habitats with deep, calm, or slow-flowing waters, such as large rivers, lakes, canals, and artificial reservoirs. It tends to rest near muddy bottoms, undercut banks, and areas rich in natural shelters like submerged logs, boulders, or aquatic vegetation, where it can hide while waiting for prey.

It is a nocturnal and opportunistic predator: its diet is extremely varied and includes fish, crustaceans, amphibians, water birds, and even small mammals, easily adapting to available resources. Thanks to its highly sensitive perception system—using barbels and lateral lines—it can detect prey even in low visibility conditions, making it an exceptionally efficient hunter.

Understanding the behavior and habitat of the Wels catfish is essential for planning an effective and responsible fishing trip. Only by thoroughly knowing this freshwater giant can you face it with the right techniques and equipment.

Essential Gear for Wels Catfish Fishing

To successfully take on the challenge of catching a Wels catfish, having the right equipment is crucial:

Catfish Fishing Rod: Strength, Length, and Power Are Key

When targeting the Wels catfish, it's vital to choose a fishing rod that is strong and reliable—capable of withstanding the power and resistance of this formidable freshwater predator.

Ideal Length

The recommended rod length generally ranges between 2.70 meters and 3.60 meters. A longer rod offers several advantages:

• Longer and more accurate casts, which are essential for reaching strategic fishing spots often located far from the shore or boat.
• Better control during the fight, as the increased leverage helps absorb the powerful runs of the catfish.

Strength and Action

The rod should be made from durable materials, such as reinforced fiberglass or carbon composites, to ensure:

• High tensile and torsional strength, needed to handle heavy weights and sudden pulls.
• A medium-heavy or heavy action, capable of performing well both when casting heavy baits (such as large live fish or bulky lures) and during retrieval, maintaining control over the catfish without risking breakage.

Grip and Comfort

An ergonomic handle, often made of cork or EVA foam, provides comfort during extended fishing sessions and helps reduce fatigue. Additionally, high-quality, well-placed guides along the rod maintain even line tension, improving sensitivity and bite detection accuracy.

Additional Tips

• Choose a rod with a casting weight suitable for heavy sinkers (typically 80 to 150 grams or more), essential for keeping the bait stable in deep waters or strong currents.
• Consider rods specifically designed for catfish or freshwater big game fishing, which combine power, durability, and sensitivity.
• For boat fishing, a slightly shorter rod may offer better maneuverability, while for shore fishing, a longer rod is preferable for extended casting distance.

Choosing the right fishing rod is one of the key elements for a successful Wels catfish fishing experience. Investing in a sturdy, appropriately long rod with the right action will allow you to cast heavy baits accurately, manage the strength of the catfish during the fight, and enjoy an effective and safe fishing adventure.

Wels Catfish Fishing Reel: Power, Capacity, and Reliability

Choosing the right reel is essential for handling the power and long runs of the Wels catfish—a fish known for its extraordinary strength and prolonged resistance during the fight. A reel designed for this challenge must combine durability, high line capacity, and smooth operation.

Reel Size and Spool Capacity

The reel should be appropriately sized, typically in the medium-large to large category, to accommodate a large-capacity spool capable of holding a significant amount of high-strength line—generally at least 300–400 meters with a minimum rating of 50 lbs (around 22–25 kg). This allows you to:

• Handle long catfish runs without the risk of running out of line.
• Maintain a generous reserve of line for enduring tough, unpredictable battles.

Strength and Durability

A reliable catfish reel must be built from corrosion-resistant materials, such as anodized aluminum or high-quality composites—especially important when fishing in humid or brackish environments. Look for reels with:

• Strong gears and precise mechanics that can withstand heavy loads and deliver powerful drag.
• A smooth but dependable drag system that applies pressure progressively, reducing the risk of line breakage during sudden pulls.

Smoothness and Control

Smooth spool movement during casting and retrieval is crucial to maintaining control. A reel with high-quality ball bearings ensures seamless rotation and better line management.

• The drag must be easily adjustable to suit different stages of the fight.
• A high gear ratio is recommended for fast line retrieval, especially when the catfish is swimming toward you.

Type and Pairing

Carp fishing reels or freshwater big game reels are often ideal for Wels catfish fishing due to their reinforced construction and large spool capacity.

It’s important to match the reel with a compatible rod, balancing overall weight to ensure comfort during long fishing sessions.

A quality reel that can handle heavy-duty lines, offers ample capacity, and features a reliable drag system is essential for tackling the raw power of a Wels catfish. Investing in a durable, smooth-operating reel not only boosts your chances of success but also protects your gear and allows you to enjoy an intense yet safe fishing experience.

Fishing Line for Wels Catfish: Strength, Reliability, and Material Choice

Choosing the right fishing line is one of the most critical aspects of Wels catfish fishing, as this species is known for its exceptional strength and the long, intense fights it puts up. The line must therefore offer excellent tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and shock absorption, while also maintaining enough sensitivity to detect even subtle bites.

Recommended Materials: Nylon vs. Fluorocarbon

Nylon:
This is the most commonly used traditional material, valued for its elasticity, which helps absorb sudden strikes and runs from the catfish without breaking. Nylon is generally more affordable and easier to handle than fluorocarbon. However, it is more visible underwater and has slightly lower abrasion resistance.

Fluorocarbon:
Offers superior abrasion resistance and has a refractive index close to that of water, making it nearly invisible to fish. It is less elastic than nylon, which translates to better bite sensitivity, but it also requires more careful handling during retrieval to avoid sudden breaks. It is ideal for clear waters or when catfish are particularly wary.

Diameter and Strength

When fishing for Wels catfish, it’s crucial to select a line with an appropriate diameter and strength to handle the fish’s weight and power:

• Minimum of 50 lbs (approx. 22–25 kg) for average-sized specimens.
• In more demanding situations, or when targeting large catfish, use lines rated at 60–80 lbs (27–36 kg) or more—especially in waters with obstacles like rocks, submerged branches, or rough bottoms.

Types of Line and Their Specific Uses

• Main Line:
  Must be especially strong to withstand the intense strain during battles.
• Leader Line:
  Often a thicker or steel section is used at the end to prevent cuts from the catfish’s teeth or underwater obstacles.
• Shock Leader:
  A heavier or stronger segment placed between the main line and the leader, useful for absorbing the initial violent runs and protecting the main line from sudden tension spikes.

Additional Important Tips

• Regularly inspect your line for signs of wear, abrasion, or knots that could weaken its strength.
• Avoid overly complicated knots or excessive line buildup on the spool, which can cause tangles or reduce the line’s reliability.
• Use appropriate rigs with either natural or artificial bait to minimize the risk of breakage due to sudden movements or contact with obstacles.

A strong, well-chosen fishing line, matched to both the material and diameter, is essential for managing the strength and agility of the Wels catfish. Whether you prefer nylon for its flexibility or fluorocarbon for its stealth and abrasion resistance, the key is to strike the right balance between power, durability, and sensitivity, ensuring you enjoy the thrill of the catch without ever losing control.

Sinkers and Rigs for Catfish Fishing: Stability, Strength, and Functionality

In Wels catfish fishing, choosing the right sinkers and effective rigs is crucial to ensure that the bait is presented in a stable and natural manner on the bottom—even in strong currents or over rough terrain. A proper balance between weight and rig type directly affects your chances of success, improving bite sensitivity and offering greater security during the fight.

Sinkers: Weight and Shape

The sinkers used for catfish fishing must be:

• Heavy and sturdy, typically ranging from 60 to 150 grams or more, depending on the depth and current strength of the river or lake.
• Shaped for maximum bottom stability, such as drop, pear, or shoe-shaped sinkers, which help minimize displacement from current and reduce the risk of snagging on rocks or vegetation.
• In some cases, aerodynamic shapes are used to facilitate long-distance casting.

Rigs: Types and Features

Rigs for Wels catfish must offer strength, simplicity, and functionality. The most common types include:

• Ledger rigs or paternoster rigs:
  These feature a short, stiff hooklink that keeps the bait close to the sinker, minimizing unwanted movement and ensuring direct contact with the bottom. This setup is ideal for muddy or sandy substrates, where catfish typically forage.
• Spring rigs or coil rigs:
  These use a metal spring to securely hold the bait (often a live fish or large chunk of natural bait) without applying too much pressure. The spring allows for slight movement, creating a more natural and enticing presentation. This rig is especially effective in moderate currents or when trying to provoke aggressive strikes from catfish through realistic bait motion.

Additional Considerations

• Reinforced leaders:
  Because Wels catfish have strong teeth and often inhabit snag-filled environments, it’s advisable to use steel leaders or abrasion-resistant materials to avoid break-offs.
• Anti-tangle systems:
  Some rigs incorporate swivels and beads to prevent line twist and tangling, improving casting efficiency and overall bait presentation.
• Rigs for live vs dead bait:
  The choice of live or dead bait affects the rig type. Live bait requires setups that allow natural movement without harming the fish, while dead bait setups can be more rigid.

Using heavy sinkers and well-designed rigs is essential to ensure a stable, natural bait presentation even under tough conditions like deep water or strong currents. Choosing the right balance of weight, sinker shape, and rig type will help you effectively attract Wels catfish and safely manage their powerful reactions once hooked.

Baits for Wels Catfish Fishing: Natural and Artificial, Strategic Choices to Maximize Success

Selecting the right bait is a key element in Wels catfish fishing, as this predator is primarily attracted by realistic scents and movements. The choice between natural and artificial baits depends on several factors, including water conditions, the behavior of catfish in the area, and the angler’s personal style.

Natural Baits: The Top Choice for Attracting Catfish

Natural baits have always been the most effective and preferred method for targeting Wels catfish, thanks to their authentic scent, texture, and movement, which trigger the fish’s predatory instincts.

• Dead fish (whole or cut): Small fish like carp, mullet, or tench are commonly used. They can be presented whole or in pieces, either fresh or frozen. The gradual release of scent can attract catfish even from a distance.
• Eels: Highly prized for their natural movement and wriggling action, which stimulates aggressive strikes from catfish.
• Live fish: Small live baitfish such as bleak, rudd, or crucian carp are extremely effective, especially for drifting or vertical rig techniques. Their natural movement is irresistible to catfish, though care must be taken to prevent the bait from escaping prematurely.

Artificial Baits: A Dynamic and Thrilling Challenge

In recent years, artificial baits have gained popularity in catfish fishing, particularly among fans of heavy spinning and big bait casting. These baits allow anglers to target catfish more actively and dynamically.

• Large spoons: These heavy, metallic lures reflect light and produce vibrations in the water, grabbing catfish attention even from afar. They are ideal for slow retrieves or stop-and-go techniques.
• Jerkbaits and swimbaits: Large plastic or silicone lures designed to imitate the movements of injured or fleeing fish. They can be retrieved in various styles to provoke aggressive strikes.
• Softbaits and spinnerbaits: These offer a mix of movement and vibration, making them especially effective in murky waters or low-visibility conditions.

Practical Tips for Choosing Baits

• Environmental conditions: In clear water, choose natural or artificial baits with realistic colors. In murky water or strong currents, go for brightly colored or reflective baits with strong scents.
• Bait size: Match the bait size to the average size of catfish in the area. Too small, and it may not attract attention; too large, and it might scare the fish away.
• Experiment and observe: Every environment is different, so try out various baits and presentation techniques to see what works best at that moment.

Combining natural and artificial baits, chosen carefully and adapted to specific fishing conditions, is the key to increasing your chances of success in catfish fishing. Natural baits offer powerful visual and olfactory appeal, while artificial lures bring versatility and action—making your fishing experience both rewarding and exciting.

Essential Accessories for Wels Catfish Fishing: Safety, Practicality, and Fish Care

Fishing for Wels catfish goes beyond rods, reels, and bait—specific, high-quality accessories are essential for managing every phase of the catch, from the fight to the safe release. These tools improve efficiency, enhance angler safety, and contribute to the fish’s well-being by minimizing the risk of injury.

Fishing Pliers: An Indispensable Tool

Strong fishing pliers, preferably made of stainless steel or corrosion-resistant materials, are crucial for:

• Quickly and safely removing hooks, even deep inside the catfish’s mouth, without harming the fish or angler.
• Handling line tangles or precisely cutting leaders and hooks.
• Manipulating bait safely, avoiding bites or scratches, as Wels catfish have large mouths and sharp teeth.

Heavy-Duty Gloves: Protection and Improved Grip

Specialized gloves for catfish fishing are vital for:

• Protecting your hands from cuts, scratches, and abrasions caused by the fish’s rough skin and teeth.
• Improving grip on wet and slippery fish, making handling and retrieval easier.
• Providing comfort and safety in challenging conditions, such as cold weather or prolonged moisture.

Large Landing Nets: Secure Capture and Handling

A strong and spacious net is essential for:

• Securing the catfish once it’s near the bank or boat, reducing stress for both the fish and the angler.
• Preventing escape and making unhooking, measuring, and photographing easier.
• Choosing nets with soft, non-slip mesh to protect the fish’s skin from damage or abrasions.

Landing Mat: Care and Respect for the Catfish

The landing mat (or unhooking mat) is one of the most important tools for catch and release:

• Provides a soft, moist surface to lay the catfish on after capture, avoiding contact with hard or abrasive surfaces like rocks or dry soil.
• Protects the fish’s delicate skin and slime layer, which is vital for its survival after release.
• Makes the release process safer and smoother, allowing for calm handling without unnecessary stress.

Other Useful Accessories

• Bite alarms: Ideal for stationary or night fishing at long distances.
• Rod stands or holders: To keep rods stable during long waiting periods.
• Headlamps and waterproof torches: For safe operation during nighttime fishing.
• Fish first-aid kit: Antiseptic or healing solutions to treat accidental wounds on the fish.

Investing in quality accessories specifically designed for Wels catfish fishing not only increases your chances of success but also ensures a safer, more ethical, and environmentally respectful approach. These tools are indispensable for fully embracing the challenge of catfish fishing in a professional and responsible way.

Wels Catfish Fishing Techniques

Fishing for Wels catfish is a fascinating and diverse discipline that offers various techniques suited to different environmental conditions, seasons, and personal preferences. Each method has its own characteristics and requires a specific approach, both in terms of equipment and strategy. Choosing the right technique depends on several factors: water depth, current strength, time of year, fish activity, and the type of bait used.

Here are the main techniques used in Wels catfish fishing:

🎯 Static Fishing (Ledgering)

Static fishing is one of the most commonly used techniques for targeting Wels catfish, especially in large rivers and deep lakes where these predators seek shelter and food. This is a waiting game technique in which the bait is placed at a strategic point on the bottom and left for extended periods to attract the fish through its scent or movement.

✅ How It Works

The bait—either live (such as crucian carp, rudd, or eels) or dead (whole fish, innards, oily fish fillets)—is lowered to the bottom or midwater using a fixed or sliding sinker rig. The depth is chosen based on the location's characteristics and catfish activity. In warmer months, for example, catfish often move toward the upper layers during the night.

🎣 Recommended Equipment

• Rod: 3 to 3.6 meters long, with powerful action (test curve 4 to 6 lbs), designed to handle heavy weights and enable long casts with bulky bait.
• Reel: Large size (8000–10000), with a strong drag system and enough capacity for at least 200–300 meters of braid or monofilament of 0.50 mm or more.
• Line: High-resistance braid (minimum 0.45 mm or 80–100 lb) to withstand the fight with large catfish.
• Rig: 100–300 gram sinker depending on current, stopper bead, swivel, and strong leader with single or double hooks—preferably circle hooks or long-shank hooks.
• Bite Alarms: Bells, light indicators, or electronic alarms are essential for bite detection, especially during night sessions.

📍 Where to Place the Bait

The key to success in static fishing lies in choosing the right spot. Wels catfish prefer areas with deep bottoms, slow currents, natural obstacles (logs, rocks, holes), and proximity to hiding places. Canal outlets or confluences of two water bodies are also great locations. In lakes, zones with dense vegetation or steep bottom slopes are particularly promising.

🌙 Why It Works Well at Night

Static fishing is especially effective at night, when catfish leave their hideouts to hunt. They become more daring during these hours, often moving closer to the shore or shallower zones. This makes nighttime the ideal moment for this technique: the environment is quiet, fishing pressure is low, and predatory activity peaks.

🧠 Expert Tip

To boost your chances, pre-bait the area with chunks of fish, blood, or halibut pellets to create a persistent scent trail. Also, slightly changing the bait's position every 30–60 minutes can trigger interest from catfish that approach but don’t strike right away.

Though a seemingly passive approach, this technique demands patience, precision, and an understanding of catfish behavior. It's especially suited for targeting large specimens by minimizing movement and letting the fish come to the bait. When executed well, it can lead to record-breaking catches.

🌊 Drifting for Wels Catfish (Pesca in Deriva)

Drifting is a dynamic and highly effective technique for targeting Wels catfish, particularly suited to medium and large rivers where the current plays a major role. Unlike static fishing—where the bait remains fixed in one spot—drifting uses the natural movement of the water to slowly carry the bait along the riverbed, mimicking a struggling prey. This natural movement makes it extremely attractive to Wels catfish, triggering their predatory instincts.

🚤 How It’s Done

The technique can be practiced from a boat or, with some adaptations, from the bank in areas with a steady current. The goal is to let the bait “walk” along the bottom, allowing the current to carry it slowly but in a controlled manner. The bait is typically lowered some distance from the boat and kept under tension with the rod, following the contour of the bottom and monitoring for any bites.

From the shore, drifting is done by casting the bait diagonally to the current and retrieving it very slowly, letting the current carry it downstream.

🎣 Recommended Gear

• Rod: Long and sensitive (3–3.3 meters), with solid power reserves to allow precise control of the drift and reliable hooksets even at distance.
• Reel: Strong and smooth, preferably with a powerful front drag and fast retrieve ratio—especially useful when the catfish strikes and attempts to flee.
• Line: 80–100 lb braid for sensitivity and abrasion resistance, with a thick fluorocarbon or nylon leader (0.80 mm or more).
• Rig: Pear or round sinkers from 60 to 150 g, depending on depth and current strength. Hooks can be single or double (twin hook or single hook + treble), based on the bait size.
• Fishfinder (for boat fishing): Crucial for locating catfish on the bottom and monitoring depth during the drift.

🐟 Best Baits for Drifting

• Live fish (crucian carp, rudd, bleak)
• Fresh fish fillets
• Innards or liver chunks

The key is that the bait should have a strong scent and some mobility, so it appears alive even as it moves passively with the current.

🗺️ Advantages & Ideal Areas

One of the main advantages of drifting is the ability to cover large portions of the riverbed, allowing anglers to explore various zones and identify “hot spots” where catfish feed or rest. Prime locations include:

• Deep holes
• Gravel bars
• River bends
• Changes in bottom slope
• Submerged obstacles and current edges

These are all areas where catfish tend to hide or hunt.

⚠️ Tips & Challenges

Drifting requires experience and focus, especially in line management and bottom contact. A common mistake is letting out too much slack, which can cause snags or make the bait presentation look unnatural. Maintaining constant contact with the bottom is crucial—adjust line tension and follow the boat or current carefully.

Additionally, properly setting the reel’s drag is essential: too tight, and the line may snap during the strike; too loose, and you may fail to set the hook effectively.

Drifting rewards active, observant anglers—those who can interpret current patterns and read the bottom structure. It’s perfect for those who enjoy dynamic fishing and discovering new spots each time they go out. When mastered, drifting can lead to spectacular, often unexpected catches, and significantly enrich the Wels catfish fishing experience.

🎣 Fishing with the Clonk and Wallerholz (Vertical Fishing from a Boat)

Clonk fishing—also known by its German name Wallerholz (“catfish wood”)—is an ancient and captivating technique that originated in Eastern Europe and is now gaining popularity in Italy, especially among experienced anglers who enjoy vertical fishing from a boat. This is a highly targeted and active method designed to provoke Wels catfish through sound and visual stimuli, triggering their aggression and prompting them to strike even when they aren’t feeding.

🪵 What Is a Clonk and How Does It Work?

A clonk is a simple yet powerful tool: a paddle-like object made of wood or composite materials, with a handle and a flat or spoon-shaped head. It’s rhythmically struck against the water surface using specific wrist and forearm movements, producing a deep, characteristic sound—like a “blop” or “plop”—that travels underwater for several meters. This sound arouses the curiosity of catfish, which often approach out of territorial instinct or predatory drive.

🛶 How the Technique Works

This technique is practiced exclusively from a boat, ideally in deep, calm waters known or suspected to hold catfish. After identifying a promising spot using a fishfinder, the angler vertically lowers a large live bait (crucian carp, rudd, eel) with a vertical rig weighted by a sinker. Once the bait is suspended at the desired depth (often 1–3 meters off the bottom), the angler begins to strike the clonk against the surface.

The action should be rhythmic but varied—alternating bursts of sound with pauses—to avoid overexposing or frightening the fish. When a catfish approaches (visible on the fishfinder), the angler can reduce or stop the clonk strokes and wait for the attack. The strike is often sudden and violent, so the angler must be alert and ready to react quickly.

🧰 Recommended Gear

• Boat: Stable, with a flat or semi-flat bottom to maintain position while clonking.
• Fishfinder: Essential for locating catfish, identifying depth, and tracking their behavior in real time.
• Rod: Short and powerful (1.80–2.10 meters), designed for vertical fishing with a strong action.
• Reel: Baitcasting or spinning, with a powerful, smooth drag system.
• Line: 0.50–0.70 mm braid (80–120 lb), with an abrasion-resistant shock leader.
• Rig: 100–200 g sinker (depending on current and depth), with a 50–150 cm leader and strong hooks (single or double).

🐟 Best Baits

• Live bait: Preferably hardy and active species (crucian carp, rudd, eels).
• Alternative: Whole dead fish or fillets (less effective in this technique).
• Attractants (optional): Visual or scent-based enhancers like rattles or scent spray.

🧠 Technique & Catfish Psychology

One of the most intriguing aspects of clonk fishing is that it doesn’t rely solely on hunger, but also taps into the catfish’s curiosity and territorial response. Catfish are highly sensitive to sound and vibration, often reacting instinctively and aggressively to the clonk even when they’re not feeding. Sometimes they approach the bait, observe it briefly, and then strike suddenly and forcefully.

⚠️ Challenges & Tips

• Precision and coordination between clonking and bait control are crucial.
• Avoid overusing the clonk: excessive noise can scare fish away.
• Every clonk produces a slightly different sound—experiment to find what works best in your area.
• Practice reading your fishfinder: being able to interpret its signals is key to turning a slow day into a successful one.

Clonk fishing is a blend of tradition, technique, and strategy. It’s one of the most intense and hands-on methods for targeting Wels catfish—perfect for anglers who love action and direct interaction with the predator. While it demands skill, experience, and sensitivity, it can produce spectacular catches and offers a truly unique fishing experience. In skilled hands, the clonk becomes more than just a tool—it becomes a “voice” that speaks to the king of the river.

🌃 Night Fishing

Night fishing is one of the most effective methods for targeting Wels catfish, as it takes advantage of the predator’s peak activity hours—since catfish are naturally crepuscular and nocturnal animals. During the evening and night, especially in warmer months, the catfish leave their deep hiding spots and move into shallower waters, closer to the banks and calmer areas, in search of prey. This behavior makes night fishing highly productive, especially when combined with techniques like stationary fishing or slow drifting.

🌙 Why Fish for Catfish at Night?

Catfish have poor vision but compensate with an extraordinary sensory system: using their barbels and lateral line, they can detect vibrations, movement, and scents with great precision—even in complete darkness. At night, when light levels drop and fishing pressure decreases, catfish feel safer and become bolder, approaching shorelines, shallows, and areas they tend to avoid during the day.

It’s also during these hours that the largest specimens are more likely to be active, making night the ideal time to aim for record-breaking catches.

🔧 Essential Night Fishing Gear

To safely and effectively fish at night, having the right equipment is crucial—not just for catching fish, but also for operating efficiently in the dark:

• Headlamps and area lights: Essential for moving around, handling gear, and illuminating your setup without disturbing the environment. Red-light modes help maintain night vision.
• Bite alarms with lights: Isotopes, LED indicators, or electronic alarms to detect even the slightest line movement.
• Rod and reel: Same robust setup used for stationary fishing, capable of handling large fish in difficult conditions.
• Stable supports: Durable rod pods, banksticks, or tripods that hold the rod securely during violent strikes.
• Snag-proof rigs and secure setups: To avoid issues during nighttime fights, when visibility is limited.
• Safety items: First aid kit, fully charged phone, whistle, or strobe flashlight in case of emergency.

🐟 Effective Baits & Strategies

At night, catfish rely almost entirely on smell and movement detection. The best baits are those that emit strong odors and move naturally, such as:

• Live fish (crucian carp, eels, rudd)
• Fresh dead fish (whole or filleted)
• Organs, liver, or scented pellets

A helpful tip is to pre-bait the area before dusk, using a mix of halibut pellets, blood, fish oil, or chopped fish parts to create a persistent scent trail that draws catfish to your bait.

🗺️ Where to Position Yourself

The best night fishing spots are:

• Near submerged obstacles (logs, roots, rocks)
• In shallow zones with marginal vegetation
• Near canal outlets or small rapids
• Along the edges of deep holes

At night, catfish roam in search of food and can travel great distances, so it’s important to place your bait in natural travel routes or common feeding paths.

⚠️ Safety Tips

Night fishing can be incredibly rewarding, but it also involves real risks:

• Plan ahead: Know the area where you’ll be fishing.
• Don’t fish alone if possible.
• Always keep an emergency light and a charged phone close at hand.
• Wear non-slip shoes and weather-appropriate clothing.
• Watch out for wildlife (insects, snakes, wild animals) and terrain hazards (mud, slippery banks).

Night fishing for catfish is an intense, quiet, and adrenaline-filled experience. The darkness, the river’s ambient sounds, and the potential for a record catch make each outing a unique adventure. It’s a technique where skill, preparation, and attention to detail truly make a difference. For those who seek powerful emotions and love the tranquility of the night, this is without doubt one of the most fascinating and rewarding methods of catfish fishing.

🚤 Heavy Spinning and Big Bait Casting

Fishing for Wels catfish using heavy spinning and big bait casting techniques represents a more modern and dynamic approach, capable of delivering intense excitement and spectacular catches. Although less widespread compared to traditional methods like stationary fishing or drifting, this style is gaining popularity among experienced anglers and those passionate about active fishing.

🎣 What Is Heavy Spinning?

Heavy spinning involves using large, heavy artificial lures designed to imitate the natural prey of catfish: fish, frogs, large insects, or small aquatic animals. The most commonly used lures are:

• Jerkbait: Hard-bodied lures with erratic, “broken” movements, perfect for triggering the catfish’s aggression.
• Softbait: Rubber or silicone lures, often very realistic, equipped with vibrating appendages or moving tails.
• Swimbait: Articulated lures that mimic the natural swimming motion of a fish, with smooth, lifelike movements.
• Spinnerbait: Lures with rotating blades that create vibrations and flashes, attracting catfish even from a distance.

🛠 Necessary Equipment

This technique requires strong, specialized gear—often called “big bait” equipment—designed to cast heavy lures and handle the power of large catfish:

• Rod: Long, between 2.40 and 3.00 meters, with medium-heavy to heavy action, capable of supporting lures up to 150-200 grams and absorbing strikes and strain during the fight.
• Reel: Casting or baitcasting reel, sturdy and reliable, with a powerful drag system and fast retrieval capacity.
• Line: Braided line with a diameter between 0.30 and 0.50 mm (40-80 lb), paired with a thick fluorocarbon or steel leader to resist snaps and abrasion.
• Accessories: High-quality treble hooks, strong snap swivels, and clips.

🎯 Casting and Retrieval Technique

Heavy spinning is a very active method: the angler repeatedly casts the lure into strategic spots—such as current seams, deep trenches, areas with submerged obstacles (logs, roots, rocks)—and controls its movement with variable retrieves.

Retrievals can alternate between slow reels with pauses and sudden bursts, aiming to imitate an injured or struggling prey that triggers the catfish’s predatory instinct. The ability to read the fish’s behavior and adjust the retrieve in real time is crucial.

🌊 Where and When to Use Heavy Spinning

This technique is especially suitable for clear or slightly murky waters, where the lure’s movement and reflections are clearly visible. It works particularly well in warmer seasons, when catfish are more active and move along margins, slopes, and narrow passages in search of prey.

⚠️ Why This Is a Technique for Experts

Heavy spinning demands considerable experience to be effective. You need to have a good understanding of catfish behavior, be able to interpret the bottom and current, and master your gear to avoid line breaks or lure loss. Moreover, fights with catfish caught using this technique are often energetic and prolonged, requiring great control and quick reactions.

Heavy spinning and big bait casting are catfish fishing techniques that combine action, adrenaline, and strategy. They are perfect for those who enjoy dynamic fishing involving repeated casting and direct control of the lure. When mastered, they can offer breathtaking encounters with one of the most fascinating and powerful freshwater predators in Europe.

💥 Fishing with a Float (Boje System)

Fishing with a float, also known as the Boje System, is a highly specialized and very effective technique, particularly used in still waters or slow currents such as large lakes, reservoirs, and calm river stretches. This method stands out for its precision in presenting the bait and its ability to target large-sized catfish.

🛟 What Is Float Fishing?

The fundamental principle of float fishing involves positioning a floating buoy (float) at a certain distance from the shore or boat. Attached to the float is a specific rig, generally consisting of a sturdy weight, a long leader, and a hook baited with natural bait (live or dead fish). The unique aspect of this system is that the hook is suspended mid-water or just above the bottom, making the bait much more visible and mobile compared to traditional bottom fishing.

🎯 Advantages and How It Works

• Greater bait mobility: The natural movement of the float, gently pushed by current or wind, creates an action that stimulates the catfish’s interest. This more lifelike, less static motion often proves irresistible to predatory fish.
• Depth control: Thanks to the long leader (which can vary from 50 cm up to 2 meters or more), the bait can be positioned with great precision at the optimal depth, adapting to the catfish’s behavior and location.
• High selectivity: This technique is especially appreciated for targeting large specimens, as it allows presenting sizable bait and avoids bites from smaller species or smaller catfish.

🧰 Recommended Equipment

• Float: Durable and highly visible, often equipped with a light or night signal for evening sessions.
• Rod: Robust, medium-heavy action, 2.40–3.00 m long to handle a taut line effectively.
• Reel: Large-capacity reel with smooth, powerful drag to handle strong fights.
• Line: Braided line between 0.40–0.70 mm, paired with abrasion-resistant leaders and large, sharp, strong hooks.
• Rig: Sliding or fixed weight (60–150 g), long leader (50 cm to over 2 meters), and appropriately sized hooks.

🌊 How to Practice It

• Float placement: The float is anchored or allowed to drift freely at a distance ranging from 10 to 50 meters, depending on the location and depth.
• Depth adjustment: The leader is calibrated to suspend the bait at the desired depth.
• Natural presentation: The natural swinging movement of the float, oscillating with current or wind, gives the bait lively and unpredictable action.
• Monitoring: The angler watches the float closely for any bite signals (unusual movements, sudden shifts, or sinking of the float itself).

🐟 Ideal Baits

The most effective baits for the Boje System generally include:

• Live fish such as crucian carp, eels, or bleak, preferably hardy and vigorous.
• Fresh dead fish (whole or in pieces), securely tied to withstand escape attempts.
• Alternative baits: offal or pieces of liver can be used to enhance olfactory attraction.

⚠️ Considerations and Tips

• It’s essential to choose areas with soft bottoms free of sharp obstacles to avoid the leader getting snagged or damaged.
• Using the float allows you to keep the bait in zones not easily reached with traditional techniques, such as deep waters near submerged vegetation or logs.
• This technique requires patience and attention because catfish bites tend to be slow but firm, and the hook set must be ready and precise.

Float fishing is a precision technique that combines natural bait presentation with accurate control over depth and movement. Perfect for those aiming at large catfish in calm or slow-flowing waters, it represents a selective, effective, and highly rewarding method—especially for experienced anglers who enjoy studying fish behavior and the characteristics of the fishing spot. With the right equipment and some practice, the Boje System can turn a simple fishing session into a truly memorable adventure.

🌿 Ethical and Conservation Considerations in Catfish Fishing

Fishing for catfish, while an exciting challenge and a much-loved sport, carries a set of ethical and environmental responsibilities that every angler should know and respect. This apex predator plays an important role in river and lake ecosystems, influencing the balance among various fish species and contributing to the overall health of the aquatic habitat.

⚖️ Respecting Regulations and Catch Limits

Each fishing area is regulated by specific rules that set limits regarding:

• Minimum and maximum sizes of catchable catfish
• Maximum number of individuals allowed to be caught
• Closed seasons (breeding periods)
• Protected zones and reserves

Following these rules is essential not only to avoid legal penalties but, more importantly, to preserve healthy and sustainable populations in the long term. In some regions, catfish are considered an invasive species and may be actively managed, while in others the species is regulated to prevent negative impacts on the local ecosystem.

🌱 Importance of Catch & Release Practice

One of the most important conservation practices is catch and release (C&R), which means catching the fish and then releasing it back. To practice it as effectively and respectfully as possible, some fundamental rules should be followed:

• Minimize stress and injury to the fish: use barbless hooks or crushed barbs for easier removal, avoid keeping the fish out of water too long, and handle it carefully—preferably with wet hands or special gloves.
• Use appropriate gear: strong rods and lines to shorten the fight and reduce the catfish’s fatigue, thus lowering the risk of trauma.
• Release the fish properly: wait until the catfish regains strength before releasing it, supporting it gently until it fully recovers.
• Avoid extreme environmental conditions: do not practice C&R when temperatures are too high or too low, as these can compromise the fish’s survival.

If done well, catch and release allows for thrilling experiences without compromising fish populations’ health, contributing to a sustainable balance between sport fishing and environmental protection.

🌊 Conservation of the Aquatic Ecosystem

Beyond direct catfish management, it is important to adopt behaviors respectful of the entire ecosystem:

• Avoid introducing invasive species or non-native baits that can alter habitat and biodiversity.
• Reduce pollution by not leaving waste, plastics, or harmful substances at fishing sites.
• Promote shoreline cleanliness and protect riparian vegetation, essential for water quality and fish habitat.
• Encourage sustainable fishing practices that respect the natural growth and reproduction rhythms of catfish and other species present.

🤝 The Angler’s Role as Environmental Steward

The modern angler is not only a sports enthusiast but also an active, conscious guardian of the aquatic environment. Participating in environmental monitoring initiatives, reporting anomalies or invasive species, and sharing best practices within the fishing community all contribute to responsible, long-term management of fish resources.

Catfish fishing can be a thrilling and rewarding experience but must always be accompanied by a strong sense of ethical and environmental responsibility. Only through respect for regulations, careful catch and release, and ecosystem protection can we ensure this extraordinary species continues to thrive in European waters for generations to come.

🚀 Towards Catching Catfish: Preparation, Passion, and Responsibility

Catfish fishing represents one of the most fascinating and engaging challenges for any sport fishing enthusiast. This impressive freshwater predator tests your technical preparation, patience, and adaptability to varying environmental conditions and fish behavior.

With the right combination of specialized equipment, in-depth knowledge of techniques, and targeted strategy, you can greatly increase your chances of success. Remember, however, that catfish fishing is not just about catching fish but also about respecting the ecosystem and the local regulations governing its management.

🎯 Prepare with Awareness

Every fishing trip should be carefully planned, considering the characteristics of the location, the season, and catfish behavior. Choose the most suitable technique for the context, use effective bait, and always maintain a careful and responsible attitude throughout the session.

🌱 Sustainable Fishing Is the Future

Ensuring the conservation of catfish populations and aquatic ecosystems is a shared responsibility. Adopting practices such as catch and release, respecting catch limits, and contributing to environmental protection are fundamental actions to guarantee that this fascinating predator continues to thrive in our rivers and lakes.

🎉 Ready for the Adventure?

With this complete guide, you now have all the tools necessary to face catfish fishing with confidence and passion. Get ready to experience moments of great excitement, intense fights, and unique satisfaction because catching a catfish is much more than a trophy: it’s an unforgettable experience in the heart of nature.